Presentations

Opening

Her Royal Highness Princess Laurentien of the Netherlands will officially open the Tactile Reading & Graphics Conference 2025. As a passionate advocate for literacy and inclusion, the Princess will share her vision on accessible information.

Discovering books with nimble fingers

The dzb lesen is a library and a production center for accessible media. With tactile media for early childhood literacy and events in special schools, we reach children from the very beginning and accompany them as they grow up. Reading and touching should be fun - with great books and varied ideas for promoting reading, we show how this is possible.

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    Caroline Schürer
    one person
    (Deutsches Zentrum für barrierefreies Lesen)

How I Use Tactile Maps

Through the use of tactile maps, I will show how they help contextualize the news, to follow and comprehend current events, on a global, national and local scale. They enhance understanding of geopolitical concepts especially, illuminating locations and relations of places. Through a series of demonstrations using a tactile globe, and national, regional and local street maps, I will describe to the audience how I read map and diagrammatic materials – going from the level of North America, then California's position, to San Francisco and surrounding Bay Area counties, down to the streets of my neighborhood and the floor plan of my residence.

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    Jerry Kuns
    Mobility and Wayfinding Consultant
    (Mobility and Wayfinding)

Methodical development of tactile maps of historic gardens

As part of the project "Technology for developing tactile maps of historic gardens", a comprehensive technology to developing tactile maps of historic gardens has been proposed. It covers: selection of the map content at various levels of detail, use of open data resources, design of tactile and graphic signs, principles of map generalization and editing, and reproduction using low-cost printing technology. The new approach is that people with visual impairment (PVI) have been involved in the whole process of maps design by the methodical assessment of solutions proposed at different stages of tactile mapping. There were organized 8 sessions with a group of 20 PVI each. They verified: tactile and graphic signs, editing rules, printing techniques, legibility and understanding the content of final maps. Testers were diversified in terms of sociodemographic characteristics, tactile skills and the specificity of visual impairment. The tests were based on methods and rules used in cartography (semiotics), tactile education (symmetrical difference) and IT (Technology Acceptance Model), adopted for PVI purposes. There were no relationship between tests results and characteristics of the testers. It means that the proposed solutions are legible and understandable to users due to their parameters. Our approach has been verified during development of the tactile maps of historic gardens, which support PVI to learn about gardens in Baroque, Renaissance, Romantic, English and Japanese styles. We created 13 maps and printed them using UV technic. Directly from the map, via QR code and NFC tag, PVI can connect with audiodescription with instructions on how to use the map and descriptions of the garden and its style. The maps has been given to park managements, the Polish Association of the Blind and schools educating blind and visually impaired children to serve blind recipients.

  • Pasfoto Albina Moscicka
    Albina Moscicka
    Associate Professor
    (Military University of Technology in Warsaw, Poland)

Tactile games

Playing is an important part of daily life for children (and adults). Playing contributes to personal development. Playing boardgames is part of this. Games contributes to relaxation and entertainment and offer opportunities to learn and develop, for example at cognitive level and in social interaction. Playing games is not obvious for children and adults with a visual impairment. In 2023 we conducted research into the need for (more) accessible games for people with a visual impairment. There is a huge demand for these games. That’s why we want to make more games accessible for blind and partially sighted people. We design tactile games and we will adapt existing games. We use special techniques, such as our UV printer, which allows us to create games with different colors, structures and heights (relief). We add braille and large print and we can add audio to a game. We can do everything to make games that suit children and adults with a visual impairment.
  • Pasfoto Marc Elders
    Marc Elders
    Marketing Communications Associate
    (CBB)

Online Tactile Maps on Public Map Portal

Public web service (tactilemaps.eu) offers the tactile maps sources in the following form: 

  • Automatically prepared map sheets (in A4 form) can be downloaded, printed on swell paper, and heated in fuser. 
  • Additional information in text form can be added to each map. 
  • The sources from the map portal cover any point in the world. 

Come and see how it works.

  • Pasfoto Petr Cervenka
    Petr Cervenka
    Tactile maps maker and O&M trainer
    (Masaryk University)

Learningpath 3D-2D

Learning path for blind children aged approximately 4- 12 years. With this learning path, the relationship between objects and associated drawings, which can be produced by different viewpoints, is explained step by step. The learning path increases in complexity and difficulty level. With the use of insights the transition is practiced with objects and drawings. It is not about the concepts hammer, umbrella or windmill. But about how they are depicted seen from varying points of view. In the preparatory phase nearby objects are depicted in real life size. And intermediate 2 ½ D forms are also used to experience the transition to a flat drawing. In the initial and continuous phases the insights and object become increasingly complicated. And scale is also introduced. A few examples of the 19 insights: - Something round can be depicted straight - Humans, animals or objects can have a varying number of limbs/legs from varying points of view. - Occlusion: parts of an object can be hidden from sight by another object. - The same object will be depicted large when it is nearby and small when it is further away. Three boxes with lessons, drawings and materials accompanying each phase are developed. These boxes where internationally introduced online (due to Covid) but never presented in real life. This conference is an ideal place to show this learning path to everyone working in educational settings. Where drawings often are an essential part of the curriculum. Whereas a lot of blind children have a hard time understanding them because drawings are a made from a visual point of view. During workshops in which we tested the materials with blind adults we heard things like: ‘I wish I had known this at an early age.’ ‘I always thought I was stupid because I did not understand drawings at all.’ ‘The teachers thought giving me a drawing would make me understand. But this only complicated things for me.’
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    Brenda Zwijnenburg
    itinerant teacher
    (Royal Dutch Visio)

Combining tactile maps with a 3D model to improve the tactile experience

Tactile Maps is a globally available service of automatically generated tactile maps for the visually impaired users. It can help create an imagination of objects and spatial information.

The aim of the new tool TACTILESET is to go even further. It connects tactile perception with additional audio description. The goal of TACTILESET is to provide the visually impaired with a comprehensive imagination of the selected place or object. The connection of the tactile map, 3D models and additional description makes it possible to significantly increase the amount of information that the user receives. 

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    Barbora Bertlová
    study support worker
    (ELSA Support Centre for Students with Special Needs at Czech Technical University in Prague, CZE)

Tactile graphics in Swedish educational materials; production impacts on the tactile end result

In Sweden learning materials for students with blindness contain a large number of tactile graphics produced on swell paper. At SPSM we manufacture about 3,000 image originals and print about 35,000 sheets of swell paper annually. The type of images ranges from simple shapes and figures to complex illustrations used in STEM and geography. In order to facilitate reading and provide the best conditions for the students to reach their educational goals the tactile quality of these images should be as high as possible. However, the end result is affected by several variables and choices throughout the chain of production: the complexity of the original image, the amount of detail in the drawing, guidelines that govern the design, the competence of the draftsman and choice of image software as well as technical craftsmanship and choice of machinery when it comes to printing and swelling. Furthermore, properties of different brands of swell paper in combination with all of the above-mentioned variables have significant impact on the end result. For many years, we at SPSM have worked on developing our tactile graphics and improve their quality. On this occasion we would like to share examples of how different choices and conditions affect the final product.

  • Pasfoto Mattias Sikberg
    Mattias Sikberg
    Project manager
    (SPSM)

Audio Tactile Graphics with Tiptoi Pen

In this workshop, we present a method of enriching tactile materials with audio information without the need for expensive specialized solutions. There have been, and continue to be, various approaches to enhancing tactile graphics for blind people with audio content. The main reason for this is that Braille takes up a lot of space, which is then no longer available for the actual tactile information of a graphic. Augmenting graphics with audio offers educational and didactic value. The toy industry such as Ravensburger company use this concept. They offer a pen that consists mainly of a code scanner, an audio playback function, and a programmable controller for reactions that are triggered when certain codes are recognized. Therefore, the pen is much more than just a code-based audio player, unlike other devices. For example, learning control elements like questions or puzzles can be integrated into specially prepared learning materials. Numerous books, such as a world atlas, farm, astronomy, and more, are available. You simply download the appropriate file onto the pen and can then work interactively with the book. In this workshop, we show how tactile material can be enriched with codes that can be recognized by these pens, which then play the recorded audio information. Programming the pen is easy to learn, and the necessary almost invisible codes can be produced with an laser printer. The graphic can then be printed with an embosser. These pens offer a low-cost solution to enrich tactile materials with audio information.

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    Gerhard Jaworek
    Computer Scientist
    (ACCESS@KIT - Center for Digital Accessibility and Assistive Technology, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie)
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    Tanja Schapat

Empowering MDVI students to Learn at Their Own Pace, in Their Own Way

We would like to show what we have developed within Visio Education Breda and what technology we use to support the education of MDVI students. These include, for example, the development of the song box; a methodology to stimulate the language and concept development of young MDVI students through songs and music and the implementation of total communication and appropriate referral systems that assist the student in clarifying the time and predictability of the day and activity. In addition, we want to show which way of working we use to also include MDVI students in the development of digital literacy and the adjustments we have made with software. The adjustment ensures that students who have a low development level can also use email programs and social media in their own way.

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    Miriam van Hees
    Education Coordinator; development and Innovation
    (Royal Dutch Visio)

Tactile urbanism

This collection of tactile maps presents urbanism-related research of a multidisciplinary group of authors, based at the Faculty of Architecture and the Built Environment, at Delft University of Technology. The 3D-printed tactile model includes multiple urban and cultural landscapes, with the aim to make learning and presenting research results more accessible and inclusive. A large part of this research is done in urban areas, but also includes cultural landscapes in rural areas. The reader will be able to feel the quality of life in the cities. This includes physical phenomena such as urban heat, but also social phenomena, specifically the socioeconomic and housing compositions of neighbourhoods, social inequalities within cities, migration between cities, urban health, accessibility to amenities as defined within the 15-minute city concept, and the effects of transportation planning on the quality of life in cities. In addition to urban areas, the maps present the topography of natural landscapes with cultural layers added by humans. The aim of the maps is to make all these phenomena tangible for both sighted and blind people, while taking into account the perspectives and needs of people with visual impairments in the map-making process. Although most of the research is based in the Netherlands, focussing on Amsterdam and Rotterdam, the maps are not limited to the Dutch context and they also provide insights into other countries, such as Lithuania, Spain, Turkey and the US, including historical maps. Building on the best practices for making 3D-printed tactile maps, we use tactile and visual variables such as heights and depths, textures and shapes to represent urban phenomena and landscapes. The maps can be read by people with visual impairments including blindness, while at the same time being appealing and useful for sighted people. In this way, we make knowledge more accessible to everyone and we present our research in an innovative and more inclusive way.
  • Pasfoto Ana Petrovic
    Ana Petrovic
    Assistant Professor
    (Delft University of Technology)

Closing

A closing panel with our host and all the sidekicks.

Products developed by the Visio 3D Team

At Visio, professionals have the possibility to create their own 3D printed educational materials. The Visio 3D Team supports in making and retreiving the 3D models and the production process. 

During the past few years, we developed tactile materials that we think are worth sharing! for example: -Tactile ruler (VIER liniaal) -Spinning tactile dice -braille numberstick -Visio Braille Box with numerous pieces of braille models

  • Pasfoto Evert Rasing
    Evert Rasing
    Innovator for VI in education
    (Royal Dutch Visio)

Digital learning material for braille beginners

We will show the two recent digital playful tools we have developed for blind students.

Curious fingers is a digital learning material for the youngest children who just got their braille display. It contains playful exercises that develop knowledge about the braille display and practices tactile abilities and also practise pre-braille reading techniques. It is based on an interaction between the teacher and the student. 

The braille rocket is a fun alternative to printed exercis books and contains playful exercises  for learning letters and numbers in braille. It is a web-application and works online in a web-browser, with full accessibility for people who navigate with screen readers.

 

 

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    Catarina Hagg
    Project manager for Educational material
    (SPSM)
  • Pasfoto Gun Olsson
    Gun Olsson
    Project manager
    (The National Agency for Special Needs Education and Schools, SPSM)

It's all arrows to me

Numerous topics in the natural sciences are presented using graphics. Arrows are often used with straight, curved, or dashed shafts, showing electron movements or those of atoms, as well as those leading to an enlargement of a section in a picture-in-picture representation. Arrows represent both temporal and spatial dynamics. And sometimes, all of this can be found in a single representation. At the blista, we have developed materials and methods to convey and make real dynamics tangible. For example, chemical reaction mechanisms can be understood as a board game! Dynamics also play an important role in biology. Whether at a nerve cell axon, a chemical synapse, or in cellular metabolism: In all these vital processes, transport processes through a biomembrane play a central role. These processes can be approached with the perspective of a board game as well: a simple setup with a manageable set of rules leads to biologically correct dynamics. In this spirit: Let's play - and learn along the way!

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    Tobias Mahnke
    Teacher
    (Deutsche Blindenstudienanstalt e. V. (blista))

Co-creating Multisensory Braille Devices With Blind Children

Integrating multisensory experiences into learning instructions has shown improvements in learning outcomes. Based on the idea that multisensory experiences can scaffold learning, we co-created a multisensory device to offer engaging technologies for braille learning. This device consists of a six-button box, in which each button press elicits a specific tone, a haptic vibration or a sound and a haptic vibration. Twelve blind and thirteen visually impaired participants—including children, adolescents, and adults—along with ten sighted individuals, placed their fingers on the device to experience various braille letter patterns through auditory-haptic feedback, haptic feedback alone, or auditory cues.  Participants reported enjoyment while interacting with the device, experienced a feeling of competence and felt less nervous. Most participants preferred the auditory-haptic modality, but preferences varied between groups: blind children favoured auditory-haptic and auditory modalities, while visually impaired children also liked the haptic modality. We discuss differences in sensory sensitivity and additional diagnoses, such as autism and cerebral vision impairment, as possible explanations for the varying modality preferences observed between groups. Future research will explore the adaptation of these devices for children with multiple impairments.


 

  • Pasfoto Julia Föcker
    Julia Föcker
    Senior Lecturer
    (University of Lincoln)

Exploring the Flatbed Printer for Producing Tactile Graphics

The Swedish Agency for Accessible Media, MTM, has a government funded mission to promote tactile reading for individual needs in Sweden. To investigate whether flatbed printing could be a viable alternative to formerly established printing techniques  MTM has been performing proof productions of tactile graphics using flatbed printing. 

Participants will learn: 

Some key findings from the proof productions

What the different proof productions feel and look like

Further plans of proof productions and aim for recommendations and guidelines

  • Pasfoto Catinka Grunditz
    Catinka Grunditz
    Product Owner of Tactile Special Products
    (The Swedish Agency for Accessible Media, MTM)

Stories tacti’cards: Educational box of tactile cards

This box set includes 55 tactile cards representing key elements from folk tales and children’s literature: characters, animals, objects, places, and sounds. Each card features Braille and black print. Designed for blind children, the set supports story comprehension, Braille literacy, and symbolic learning, and is adaptable for inclusive and therapeutic use.

  • Pasfoto Solène Négrerie
    Solène Négrerie
    Tactile designer
    (Les Doigts Qui Rêvent)

Interactive tactile graphics

  • Pasfoto Dan Patzelt
    Dan Patzelt
    Founder
    (TactileImages)

Haptic Tablet for the Accessibility of Digital Content to the Visually Impaired

In a world becoming increasingly digital and surface-based for all types of interactions, from shopping, communicating to using daily appliances, many people still face accessibility challenges. Currently, tactile feedback on these devices, particularly smartphones and tablets, remain limited, with content mostly visual and auditory and with simple vibrations to the whole surface. 

Our work has focused on designing a novel technology, i.e. a standard tablet with localised and multitouch vibrotactile feedback capabilities, to add tangibility. It lets you feel digital graphical information through vibrations to different fingers depending on their position on the screen and the related content.

  • Pasfoto Sabrina Panëels
    Sabrina Panëels
    Research engineer
    (CEA List)

Empowering vision: Bridging Craftsmanship and Language for a Brighter Future

Join me for an inspiring session where we explore how vocational training and English language learning are transforming the lives of individuals with vision impairments. In this session, you'll discover how a unique collaboration between the American Language Center of Marrakesh and the Center of Training in Craft Jobs is not only enhancing crafting skills but also unlocking new opportunities in the socio-economic market.Through immersive workshops and inclusive language lessons, participants gain independence and essential tools to create sustainable livelihoods. You’ll see how skill development and language acquisition can be a game-changer for individuals with vision impairments, offering a pathway to empowerment and a more inclusive society.

  • Pasfoto Islah Boutahar
    Islah Boutahar
    Coordinator of the program for the visually impaired
    (American language center of Marrakesh Morocco)

Opening: 'Science and practice in touch'

You are probably familiar with optical illusions like the famous duck/rabbit image or black and white lines that appear to spin on paper. But did you know that the sense of touch is also subject to illusions?

Prof. Astrid Kappers has been researching this for years, resulting in fascinating examples that will stay with you. But what does such haptic research mean for practical applications? 
Dr. Ans Withagen, with her extensive experience working with visually impaired children and research on the sense of touch, has a wealth of examples to bridge this gap. She will focus on the concept development of people with blindness.

  • Pasfoto Astrid Kappers
    Astrid Kappers
    Professor of Fundamental and Applied Haptics
    (Eindhoven University of Technology (TU/e))
  • Pasfoto Ans Withagen
    Ans Withagen
    Special Educationalist
    (Royal Dutch Visio)

Inspiring and Supporting Material Kits for Children

The Swedish National Agency for Accessible Media; MTM, provides inspirational materials to children expected to become Braille readers. These materials are distributed to the families in collaboration with the Low Vision Centres throughout the country. 

Participants will learn:

The purpose, concept and content of the different material kits. 

How the Vow Vision Experts work with the materials together with the children and their families at Swedish Low Vision Centres

  • Pasfoto Catinka Grunditz
    Catinka Grunditz
    Product Owner of Tactile Special Products
    (The Swedish Agency for Accessible Media, MTM)
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    Nicolina Pernheim Goodrich

Olymp'touch - Tactile olympic games book

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    Hoëlle Corvest-Morel
    counselor and trainer
    (DUGTA)

Tactile colour compass & maths aids

  • Pasfoto Sylvia Goldbach
    Sylvia Goldbach
    Designer and Sculptor
    (TAKTILES / Taktilesdesign GmbH)

The Gruffalo

A Children's Book Classic in a New Design

Taking our adaptation of the classic children's book „The Gruffalo“ as an example, we will show the developments in product design, especially for tactile children´s books, over the last 10 years. In 2014 in one of our first and most popular multi-material books, the Braille was still partially glued in as text areas and the book was bound in a folder. With the new edition of 2024, „The Gruffalo“ has been published in a new guise. With the combination of traditional printing, contemporary design and an interactive book concept, we inspire children and adults anew for (Braille) reading, touching and discovering. 

Which aspects of the illustrations in the original book did we transfer into tactile elements? How did we create exciting and varied tactile illustrations? Which interactive features enrich the storytelling in the tactile realization?

  • Pasfoto Antje Mönnig
    Antje Mönnig
    Tactile Graphic Designer
    (German Centre for Accessible Reading (dzb lesen))

Liblouis: a free and open-source software library for braille transciption

Come discover the technology that you never even knew existed, but might very well power some aspect of your braille reading journey every day!

Liblouis is one of the most widely utilized software solutions for automated braille transcription. It powers braille output and input across a variety of devices, including iPhones, Android smartphones, numerous braille note-takers, and embossers. Additionally, it is integrated into screen readers such as NVDA, Orca, and JAWS. This extensive adoption can be attributed, in part, to Liblouis' versatility; it is a compact, self-contained library compatible with pretty much any hardware and software platform. This flexibility allows developers to seamlessly integrate Liblouis into their applications. Another significant factor contributing to its popularity is Liblouis' support for braille in approximately 220 languages at the time of this writing, with the ability to be easily adapted for additional languages.

In this show & tell presentation, you will learn that anyone, regardless of their background, can improve Liblouis, and that contributions, even when arising out of an individual need, can make a difference for many, as improvements quickly ripple across countless products, reaching users everywhere. We’ll also show you how the project maintains high quality through test-driven development and continuous refinement.

The presenter is one of the two maintainers of the Liblouis project, bringing valuable insights and expertise and a backpack full of inspiring stories.
 

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    Bert Frees
    Software Developer
    (DAISY Consortium)

Tactile Graphics

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    M. Balakrishnan

Juniper and the red swoosh

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    Chi Hoon Kim

Tactile books for little avid fingers

What does a castle look like? And the moon? And a jellyfish? For blind children, things that are too big, too far away or too dangerous to be touched, are not so easily understandable. While sighted children usually develop an understanding of basic concepts through incidental learning, children with a visual impairment need to learn these concepts in an intentional manner. Touching original objects or models or getting things described are different methods on how to get a better idea of the environment. At the German Federation of the Blind and Partially Sighted (DBSV) we believe that books are a great tool for young blind and partially sighted children to discover the world. As for every other child, books are for them a door to fantasy, a way of travelling to far places without moving from the chair. Unfortunately, there are too few appropiate books for visually impaired children, with quality and attractive tactile pictures. Our aim is to change this situation by creating tactile books in which children can enjoy touching different materials, awaken their curiosity, develop their fine motor and tactile skills and interact while moving the tactile elements from page to page. The books prepare blind and visually impaired children for reading in a very playful way. All the DBSV children books contain text in Braille and large print and also haptic and three-dimensional elements, many of which are interactive: doors or windows can be opened, figures moved, houses built or pears picked. Some of the books also include audio content. The books are designed in an inclusive way, also giving much importance to colors and graphic elements, so that they are attractive to both blind and sighted children. The production of the books is mostly handmade. Some elements are created with the help of technologies such as 3D printing, laser cutting, plottering or relief printing. But many others are produced by hand in order to achieve the desirable diversity of materials.

  • Pasfoto Eva Cambeiro Andrade
    Eva Cambeiro Andrade
    Coordinator of the DBSV Tactile Children's Books Project
    (Deutscher Blinden und Sehbehindertenverband (DBSV))

Optimizing perceptual performance with pixel based tactile images

Most commercially available refreshable tactile displays are pin displays. Refreshable tactile displays could, however, be made with other techniques as well. Regardless of the technique, refreshable displays will usually be pixel based. The properties of these displays such as pixel size and pixel density will influence the perception of the graphics displayed. Visual displays have seen significant advancements in recent years, driven by new technologies. Similarly, in recent years, new innovations have been emerging for the creation of tactile displays. To make informed design decisions for such new tactile displays, it is crucial to understand how factors such as pixel size and pixel density of these tactile displays affect tactile perception. Our research systematically investigates how variations in pixel size, pixel density, and techniques such as anti-aliasing influence tactile perceptual performance. Anti-aliasing techniques are used in visual displays to smoothen the edges of pixel based images. The effects of anti-aliasing remain largely uninvestigated in tactile displays. To investigate how these factors influence perceptual performance, we make use of pixel based images that we render using swell paper and other 3D printing technologies. This allows us to systematically investigate how different aspects of tactile displays, such as pixel size and density, influence perceptual performance. The findings from our perceptual performance studies will inform the design of future refreshable displays. In this show & tell presentation, we invite people to interact with the images that we use to simulate a tactile display and explore how pixel size and density affect the tactile perception of pixel based tactile images. This way you will be able to experience the potential capabilities of future tactile display technologies.

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    Meike Heldoorn
    PhD student
    (Eindhoven University of Technology)

The Naked Truth: Creating 3D body models for Blind Youth

This project investigated the needs in relational and sexuality education for youth with a visual impairment (ages 12-18). The findings from literature and interviews led to the development of two lessons. One of these lessons focused on forming a concept of both the male and female body. The process of developing 3D body models will be discussed in this presentation.

  • Pasfoto Dilana Schaafsma
    Dilana Schaafsma
    Associate lector
    (Fontys University of Applied Sciences)

Image-to-audio comics

With all the technologies that we have at our disposal nowadays, we can say that there is no comic book that is non-accessible on one side and accessible on the other. There is a progressive accessibility that needs to be implemented. Why? Because it's difficult. What needs to be done for the visually impaired, the blind, those with dyslexia, and those with motor disabilities are not the same adaptations. Moreover, there is an industrial issue that complements the artisanal issue of adaptive organizations. Therefore, there are scaling problems. Since we started our partnership on accessible comics with ComixSuite and La Rochelle University, we always thought that we needed to work step by step, from small, easy comics to complex ones, that’s why we tried to work on different sides. Therefore, we are focusing our effort on a set of tests with multiple comic book audio description with human narratives scripts compared to automatic audio description to bring comics to people with disabilities.

  • Pasfoto Basile Mignonneau
    Basile Mignonneau
    Head of the production departement
    (Association Valentin Haüy)
  • Pasfoto Christophe Rigaud
    Christophe Rigaud
    AI Research Scientist
    (La Rochelle University)

The Basic set and it’s toolbox of the learning path Draw Along for blind children aged 4-12

Drawing strengthens concept development and self-expression. However, many blind students are not given the opportunity to experience drawing, often because their teachers may not know how to incorporate drawing or what tools to use. Which basic skills are necessary to start drawing? This was the question we asked ourselves when we started the project ‘Draw Along’ with the assignment to develop a learning path for blind children to teach technical and creative drawing skills systematically. We discovered that each image can be reduced to seven lines and three shapes. These lines are taught in the Basic set of Draw Along through tactile experience, allowing the student with severe visual impairment to display their tactile impressions on drawing foil. Using these lines on drawing foil, students have a language to draw objects experienced through touch. The basic set of lines and shapes also provides the opportunity to engage in an equal conversation about how the blind student experiences the world through touch and how it is visually represented on paper. Multiple lessons practice drawing skills in a multimodal way. For example with the use of different materials and tools, movements, stories and music. VI schools and itinerant teachers now have access to boxes containing lessons and materials to teach drawing systematically. We will show you the lines and shapes, the multimodal way of teaching, and guidance tips for the teacher. Also the developed material will be demonstrated. Experience the unique way of communicating and expressing through tactile drawings!

  • Pasfoto Alies Aarts -van der Moer
    Alies Aarts -van der Moer
    Occupational Therapist
    (Royal Dutch Visio)
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    Noortje Opsteegh
    Arts and Craft teacher
    (Royal Dutch Visio)

Closing

Museums often present valuable artefacts and artworks behind barriers, making them inaccessible to people who are blind or have low vision (BLV). This limits meaningful engagement with cultural treasures that shape our understanding of history and the world. Human perception goes beyond sight—it includes touch, sound, smell, and taste.

In this keynote, Cathelijne Denekamp (Manager of Accessibility & Inclusion, Rijksmuseum) and A/Prof. Dagmar Reinhardt (The University of Sydney) discuss strategies for creating more accessible and inclusive museums.

Cathelijne works on improving physical, social, and digital accessibility at the Rijksmuseum, aiming to create an environment where everyone feels welcome. She is also the author of "Accessibility Without Limits - Rijksmuseum", a book documenting the museum’s journey toward greater accessibility.

Dagmar leads the “Museum of Touch” project, which focuses on tactile models of museum objects for BLV audiences. These 3D-printed models make objects, often too fragile or valuable to touch, accessible to all visitors.

Together, they explore cutting-edge design strategies and technologies—such as the WESSST principles for touch design, photogrammetry, and 3D printing—that are reshaping the future of inclusive museum experiences. Key questions include: How can we achieve lasting change? How can we encourage deeper participation? How can touch-based engagement transform the museum experience for all?

  • Pasfoto Cathelijne Denekamp
    Cathelijne Denekamp
    Manager accessibility
    (Rijksmuseum)
  • Pasfoto Dagmar Reinhardt
    Dagmar Reinhardt
    A/Professor of Architecture
    (The University of Sydney)

Exploring multisensory (tactile-auditory) pictures

How do people who rely on haptic touch explore multisensory (tactile-auditory) pictures? And what sensory information do they prefer? A museum-based study will be presented in which qualitative interview and observation data were collected from a focus group (N 8) over 16 sessions. All participants started relying on haptic touch after the age of 18 and had done so for more than 10 years before this study. Their visual acuity ranged from total blindness to minimal visual shape perception. The study found that the visitors either explored the tactile picture or listened to the audio-description first; never the two simultaneously. All visitors preferred the audio-description to start describing where their fingers were and to activate, pause, and stop it themselves. On the tactile picture, everybody explored the global (shape) outline of each element and, when struggling to identify the element, activated the audio-description. They preferred two layers of audio-description: the first identifying the element and the second reading the curator’s information. Regarding the global elements in the tactile pictures. They preferred that the global (shape) outline was clearly defined - easy to feel from both the inside and the outside without interruptions (e.g., from textures) - and straightened out so that curves become angular. Although tactile texture attracted their attention, they preferred that it was used only on specific elements (e.g., those mentioned in the curator’s information). Finally, they preferred that tactile pictures be printed on swell paper: line width 1.2 mm and height 0.6 mm, and audio-descriptions read by a female alto voice. We suggest that certain exploring strategies and preferences are universal to haptic touch and universal to hearing regardless of personal experience and, thus, that the development of new tactile and/or auditory pictures should be based on these.

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    Torø Graven
    Researcher
    (University of Oxford)

Tactile storytelling and the purpose of play

Join us for an interactive workshop exploring the power of tactile storytelling through the creation of accessible illustrations. We will guide participants in using reclaimed materials to design and construct tactile artworks that can be enjoyed by both visually impaired and sighted individuals with the creative process led by the participants’ sense of touch. This hands-on experience will foster creativity, problem-solving, and a deeper understanding of the importance of inclusive storytelling. Key Outcomes: Participants will gain practical skills in creating tactile illustrations using recycled materials. Attendees will develop a greater appreciation for the role of tactile experiences in storytelling. The workshop will promote a sense of community and shared creativity among participants. Materials: A variety of recycled materials, such as cardboard, fabric scraps, buttons, and natural elements and necessary tools will be provided. The authors each contribute a unique skill set to the workshop: Stephanie Simpson is an educator and illustrator with a background in mixed-media crafting and visual storytelling and Wilna Combrinck is an educator and graphic designer with experience in multimodal tactile design for children.

  • Pasfoto Wilna Combrinck
    Wilna Combrinck
    Graphic Designer/Lecturer
    (South African Library for the Blind/Red & Yellow Creative School of Business)
  • Pasfoto Stephanie Simpson
    Stephanie Simpson
    Illustrator/Illustration lecturer
    (Red & Yellow Creative School of Business)

Magic of touch: Tactile graphics and exercises for preschool children with visual impairment

When Celia's legislation changed in 2022, we received a new task, which was to provide materials for preschools. We used laser cutting technology to make moulds for tactile graphics and prepared a package of learning material for children with visual impairments. The material consists of tactile images and a story, which encourage children to use their hands and bodies. There are tactile graphics for pracitising staying on the line to prepare for reading braille, "spot the difference" types of tactile images, tactile images of common items and a story for which the child can follow the movements of the main character. It also includes the braille cell, and braille characters for the child with visual impairments and for the other children in the class.
  • Pasfoto Susanna Ruohonen
    Susanna Ruohonen
    Learning Material Designer
    (Accessibility Library Celia)

Different versions of the Tactual Profile for different target groups

Some of the professionals will know the Tactual Profile from Royal Visio. An observation instrument for regular blind children and students in the age of 0-16 years. In addition to this there is a short version of the Tactual Profile which is easier to observe with students. In 2017 Royal Visio developed The Tactual Profile-MDVI for Multiple Disabled and Visually Impaired Children in the developmental age 0-6. After more then 7 years this instrument has shown to be worthful for this target group, and for children with multiple disabilities and severe CVI. A last version is recently developed and almost finished. This is the Tactual Profile-DB for adults with acquired deafblindness. When you are losing your hearing and vision over the years, the tactile sense becomes more and more an important compensatory sense. The TP-DB can help in awareness about the sense of touch and in giving direction for further interventions. We will show you the different versions and explain the differences between them.

  • Pasfoto Alies Aarts -van der Moer
    Alies Aarts -van der Moer
    Occupational Therapist
    (Royal Dutch Visio)
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    Chantal te Boekhorst
    Braille teacher and tactile trainer, itinerant teacher
    (Royal Dutch Visio)
  • Pasfoto Miranda Zwijgers
    Miranda Zwijgers
    Occupational Therapist
    (Royal Dutch Visio)

Tactile Theme Packages as a Braille Reading Motivator

At Accessibility Library Celia, we had a book project where we produced swell paper images to braille books for small children. However, we wanted to find a way to use also our existing plastic tactile images. At the end of year 2021 we had an idea about to offer Christmas themed pictures and books to braille readers at school. We created a package that schools were able to order for their pupils. In the package, we combined plastic tactile images and books. All the books recommended could be loaned from Celia both braille and audio, even though we emphasize braille. We have had packages from various themes, such as Christmas, Halloween, summer activities, autumn and starting the school. Our latest package was themed artificial intelligence, space and stars and in the package we had pictures of an UFO, planet Earth and so on, and suitable books to the theme, of course. We recommend books e.g. in Instragram and also we have developed a way to monitor the effects of recommendations. Also we collect feedback about packages. We aim to encourage children to read books especially in braille, and get the feeling about tactile images.
  • Pasfoto Marjo Kauttonen
    Marjo Kauttonen
    Coordinator
    (Accessibility Library Celia)

Keynoa - Synesthesia or Seeing More With the Fingers

Synesthesia is a human brain ability in which information meant to stimulate one sense stimulates other senses. Research suggests that about 5% of world population are synesthetes. For example syntesthetes are able to hear colours and others can visualise sounds. This demonstrates that the human brain is perfectly capable of substituting, to some extent, vision with other sensations like vibrations on the fingers.

Keynoa capitalizes on this natural human ability by introducing its novel concept of “Seeing More With the Fingers." For instance, Keynoa allows blind people to read text characters, explore graphic images, sense colors, feel objects and evaluate their distance before touching them simply by receiving gentle vibrations on the fingers.

  • Pasfoto Ibrahim Cherradi
    Ibrahim Cherradi
    CEO
    (Keynoa)

Math ratio teaching material that can be operated by touch

Focusing on the study of “ratio,” this study development of math ratio teaching materials that can be operated by touch and conducted a questionnaire survey of teachers experienced in teaching the visually impaired to clarify the usefulness of the material. 
 

  • Pasfoto Momoko Mashio
    Momoko Mashio
    Master's Student
    (University of Tsukuba, Japan)
  • Pasfoto Moe Nakajima
    Moe Nakajima
    Master's Student
    (University of Tsukuba, Japan)
  • Pasfoto Sota Sebata
    Sota Sebata
    Graduate student
    (Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba)

Two Traditional Board Games of India Enjoyed by Vision Impaired People

Indoor games when played with friends or family members promote social interaction, develop emotional intelligence and cognitive skills apart from relieving stress. There are many tactile board games designed, adapted for visually impaired people and are commercially available in the market. However, some games are practiced, played but confined within certain geographical regions or countries. In this article two of the popular board games of India viz., Dhaayam, and Pallaanguzhi are discussed. Dhaayam has a few variants but the underlying principle remains the same. Generally, two or more players are involved as individuals or as teams. The basic game board is arranged with 49 square cells as a 7 X 7 grid. The game is played by moving the coins along the cells depending upon the outcome of dice value. Players are allowed to start the game only on getting the count 1 on the dice. A player needs to slash at least coin of the opponent before moving all his/her coins to destination cell. Some cells are earmarked as safe zones where the coins cannot be slashed. This game generates lot of excitement and demands thinking to make safe moves, and to secure home cell at the earliest. Pallaanguzhi is a two-player game, the game board is carved with fourteen cup-like pits, each player owning seven pits on his/her side. Initially each pit is filled with five cowry shells. A player can choose any one of his/her pits, picks all shells and moves clockwise distributing one shell per pit, continues doing this once all the shells in hand are distributed. When an empty pit is encountered with an empty hand all the shells of the subsequent shells are grabbed as a bonus by the player. The objective of the game is to collect as many as possible and outnumber shell count of the opponent to win the game and hence arithmetic calculation, strategic thinking to foresee the outcome of opponent’s turn become vital. With minor adaptations both the games are enjoyed as inclusive games.

  • Pasfoto Robinson Thamburaj
    Robinson Thamburaj
    Associate Professor
    (Madras Christian College, India)

Participatory design of sensory and tactile tools

Public involvement and practice change are important issues in the development of communication and information tools. In this area, the main stakeholders -people with disabilities, and in particular the visually impaired and partially sighted- are rarely involved in the design of tools intended for them. Ideographik Bretagne defends the view that it is only by working together that relevant and sustainable solutions can be designed. In 2023, tactile image workgroups of people with and without visual impairments were set up to create and produce tactile and sensory media for people with or without visual impairments. In order to answer some questions like "What is a sensory mediation medium? How can a visually impaired person take part in all the design and production phases?", they met on some occasions set by the Fablab of Brest University and the Ildys Foundation. These explorations were carried out under 3 main themes: spaces using machines (anticipating dangers, space organization, use of a machine), understanding a pictorial artwork, independent involvement in a hiking tour. These days were an opportunity to: -express themselves and try one's hand at designing relief media, using all the properties of the materials (textures, hardness, dimensions) -testing sound devices and developing procedures to enable visually impaired people to use the machines -gain a better understanding of tactile and sensory representations of blind and partially-sighted people - take advantage of the technologies available in Fablabs to create images that can be easily multiplied. With the aim of sharing results, the experiment has evolved into the creation of documented and open source kits for these 3 major themes. Each kit contains a briefcase with 3 examples of tactile and sensory media, a design method, observations and a set of elements enabling users (companies, schools, individuals) to make their own media, and expand the kit as new uses and experiments will be carried out.
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    Sabrina Morisson
    graphic designer
    (Idéographik Bretagne)

Teaching materials for children with blindness and MDVI.

Development and introduction of teaching materials for young children with blindness and MDVI that encourage exploration of the outside world, tactile findings, expansion and formation of tactile space, fine motor skills, and development of concepts.

 

The teaching materials for children with blindness and MDVI we have developed that named “Th!nk w!th Hands!” encourage exploration of the outside world, tactile findings, expansion and formation of tactile space, fine motor skills, and development of concepts of size, shape, and quantity. 

We developed an instructional system chart for utilizing this teaching material for each of the five developmental stages of thinking based on Piaget's theory.

  • Pasfoto Kanako Fukuda
    Kanako Fukuda
    Assistant Professor
    (Utsunomiya University)
  • Pasfoto Tsuyoshi Sashima
    Tsuyoshi Sashima
    Professor
    (University of Tsukuba)
  • Pasfoto Aoba Taniguchi
    Aoba Taniguchi
    graduate student
    (University of Tsukuba)

Me and Ricky

Me & Ricky are a series of lessons for young blind childeren in the age of 4-7 years. This project is designed by a group of experts who have teached young blind childeren. The intention of the lessons Acquiring these skills do not come naturally for them. The lessons are diveded in 5 series of lessons. 1. Is a series of lessons about body awareness, they are about Me. 2. Is a series of lessons about body awareness of the other, Ricky (a hand puppet) 3. Is a series of lessons about the spatial orientation nearby Me 4. Is a series of lessons about the spatial orientation in a langer space 5. Is a series of lessons about spatial orientation with small objects (farmanimals) This explains why we have chosen for the titel Me & Ricky, it is important for childeren to develop Me first and the orther (Ricky) hereafter. All the lessons are made in a playfull way suitable for younger childeren. Songs, drama and a lot of trying out themself are incorporated in the lessons. During the development of the materials for this project we paied extra attention to the size and the firmness of the materials so a young blind child can easy manipulate with them. The need for this project is emerged from the practice of the teachers who saw that young blind childeren do not get spatial concepts naturally and it helps them if we teach these concepts step by step. All the schools in the Netherlands have a set of Me & Ricky and the feedback from the teachers is very positive. They are very enthusiastic about the structured way in which they can offer the spatial concepts
  • Pasfoto Marianne van der Vinne
    Marianne van der Vinne
    Ambulant educational teacher / coach
    (Royal Dutch Visio)

Experience tactile art and photos

A photo exhibition for the blind and partially sighted? A picture paints a thousand words. But for many people with a visual impairment, photography is out of reach. CBB can change that. With our UV printers we make photos tactile in detail. audio description provides commentary on the photos, and visitors can also read the story behind the photos through accompanying Braille texts.
  • Pasfoto Marc Elders
    Marc Elders
    Marketing Communications Associate
    (CBB)

Inclusive Reading

Reading together is a wonderful way to spend time with your child or grandchild, and sharing stories can create a bond that will last a lifetime. However, it can be difficult for some families to read together if one of the readers has a visual impairment. But thanks to the CBB, this is no longer an obstacle. The shared reading concept is a great invention that ensures that children’s books are accessible to everyone. With tactile images and a combination of Braille and large print, children and parents can read together at literally any level. And if it is difficult to read the text, there is always the audio pen SAM, which ensures that the stories can still be heard.
  • Pasfoto Marc Elders
    Marc Elders
    Marketing Communications Associate
    (CBB)

Blind Chemistry

Science subjects are already least often chosen by pupils in comparison to other disciplines. The rate of pupils with a visual impairment choosing science is even lower. For visually impaired, and especially pupils depending on Braille, the abundance of visual models used by the sighted world to imagine scientific concepts causes barriers to participate. To start learning the basics of (bio)chemistry luckily relatively few models, mainly molecules and their formulas, are needed. Alas, for pupils it is frustratingly difficult and time-consuming to build ball-and-stick models on touch only, exploring them on tactile paper, let alone trying to draw structure formulas themselves or navigate through reaction equations. Therefore I would like to draw your attention to surprisingly easy to accomplish, yet not too costly, adjustments of existing models and simplified tactile structures that enable visual impaired as well as sighted pupils equally to grasp science. You are more than welcome to get in touch with chemistry yourself by building molecules and feeling them on paper. And if you dare, to become and act like a molecule yourself. No profound knowledge of chemistry necessary to - hopefully - become inspired! And thereupon to inspire pupils to take on science. Irina Cirpus (MSc MSEd), Visio Secondary Special Education Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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    Irina Cirpus
    Teacher (MSc MSEd) at Visio Secondary Special Education
    (Royal Dutch Visio)

Vibrotactile technology for Social Haptic Communication

Social Haptic Communication (SHC) is a mode of tactile communication developed within the deafblind community to communicate contextual and environmental information. It can be used to convey, for instance, information about facial expressions, emotions, the lay-out of a room. It consists of gestures made on, for example, the back or arm. If this type of tactile communication could be automated, it would become also available to people who do not have access to, for example, sign language interpreters, and it could be integrated into assistive technology. At TU Eindhoven we have therefore collaborated with the Dutch SHC workgroup to make vibrotactile versions of SHC messages. This allows the SHC to be displayed using vibration motors that are integrated in a backrest of a chair or in a vest. By switching these vibration motors on and off sequentially we can mimic gestures made on the back. From the co-creation sessions with the SHC workgroup we concluded that vibrotactile versions of the SHC gestures can be immediately recognizable for SHC users. Despite that for some gestures it was much more straightforward to generate a recognizable vibrotactile version than for others, SHC users indicated that they thought it would be easy to get used to the vibrotactile version. This is promising for future applications of vibrotactile SHC. One of the advantages of SHC is that it allows for assistive systems to communicate information in a hands-free fashion. In future research we plan to integrate contextual information via vibrotactile SHC into assistive technology for vibrotactile navigation for people with a visual disability. You can visit our presentation to get acquainted with SHC and to experience the vibrotactile version.

  • Pasfoto Trudy van de Merbel
    Trudy van de Merbel
    Social Haptic Communication teacher
    (Bartiméus)
  • Pasfoto Myrthe Plaisier
    Myrthe Plaisier
    Assistant professor
    (Eindhoven University of Technology)

User-validated tactile map design and symbology

Kadaster, Accessibility, Dedicon, and ESRI Nederland are collaborating to create automatically generated tactile maps of Dutch neighbourhoods with ArcGIS software. These maps are meant to help people with a visual impairment (VIP) orientate on their surroundings. To ensure legibility and user-friendliness of the map, human-centred design was employed. Five iterative rounds of user research were performed testing the map symbology, map lay-out, required simplification of geographic data, and design. At the show and tell, you can feel our user-validated tactile map design and tactile symbology set and discuss the research behind it. All map elements and symbology will be made available for public use. Additionally, we can discuss how software helps us to create automatically generated neighbourhood-level.

  • Pasfoto Jolijn Jansen
    Jolijn Jansen
    Accessibility consultant and user researcher
    (Stichting Accessibility)

Innovative educational tools for art creation activities for the visually impaired

People with visual impairments perceive the shape of objects primarily through touch. We developed composition units that fit in the palms of both hands. We named the process of assembling the units into different shapes by touching the shape with both hands "Tactile Art". These units are expected to be used in artistic activities and three-dimensional cognition for the visually impaired, as well as in clinical areas such as cognitive improvement for the elderly. Currently, about 10 different tactile units have been developed. Participants are encouraged to compose freely.  

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    Toshihiro Kanahori
  • Pasfoto Hiroshi Katoh
    Hiroshi Katoh
    Emeritus professor
    (Tsukuba University of Technology, JAPAN)
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    Mitsunobu Matsuo
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    Haruka Matsuo

Hymn books of the future

Every week millions of people with print disabilities sit in the church feeling excluded because they cannot participate in the singing. Lyrics and music scores are presented in books or on a screen which are inaccessible to them. Employees and students also struggle to get their work done because they don’t have access to this literature. The Norwegian organization KABB (Christian work among blind andvisually impaired persons) are working to improve the situation. Though hymn books have been produced in braille, this has been a costly and time consuming process, and books in large print have in many cases not been made at all. In Norway there has been no efficient solution for people with print disabilities after the new hymn book of the Norwegian Church was published in 2013. In our project we use the Epub-standard and digital music files as a fundament to present hymns and worship songs in the way the reader needs. By using new technology and innovative solutions for production, we are able to make the songs available for people with different needs in a flexible and cost effectively way. From the same source files, we generate braille, large print and sound to make both digital solutions and printed books.

  • Pasfoto Solveig-Marie Oma
    Solveig-Marie Oma
    Church musician and project manager
    (KABB (Christian work among blind and visually impaired persons))
  • Pasfoto Øyvind Woie
    Øyvind Woie
    Secretary General
    (KABB)

Tactile Graphics for Braille instruction

For its Braille literacy programme directed towards adults, dBSV has created a collection of tactile graphics as pre Braille training: Many adults who are learning Braille face challenges with tactile sensitivity, making it difficult to accurately distinguish the small Braille dots. To address this, the tactile graphics presented here are used as part of a structured Braille teaching program, offering learners the opportunity to improve their tactile skills through simple, engaging exercises. The collection includes a variety of worksheets featuring geometric shapes, line patterns, and tactile mazes. These activities are intended to develop learners' sense of touch in a playful and practical way. By practicing with larger, more accessible tactile forms, learners gradually improve their ability to perceive finer details such as Braille dots. Repeated exposure to these simple tasks not only builds confidence but also strengthens the necessary tactile discrimination skills required for successful Braille reading.

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    Sonja Schmidt
    Trainer for Braille teachers in the German Federation of the Blind and Partially Sighted
    (Deutscher Blinden und Sehbehindertenverband (DBSV))

A swimming duck is different from a swimming fish

In 2023 Dedicon had the opportunity to explore a long-desired topic concerning tactile images: the role of ‘conceptual knowledge’ in understanding the world around you and the importance tactile images can play within this topic. With ‘conceptual knowledge’ we refer to potentially missing knowledge caused by the inability to see. This often concerns items that are too far, too large, too small, to explore by touch. It also includes ‘graphic’ items such as logos, numbers and diagrams. A concept is then a mental representation that enables a person to grasp a ‘thing’ and understand the relationship of that ‘thing’ with similar ‘things’. This knowledge helps to quickly place new information (about new ‘things’) or understand what is important or interesting about it. After the first euphoria we realised the challenges concerning this topic. For example: how to investigate the need for something that the user does not always know exists? Also, this research would be small in scale and thus necessarily focus on qualitative results. Note: This table talk is also an invitation in working together with the attendees of the conference; one key to a successful approach of small scale research. The project resulted in several domains of ‘conceptual knowledge’, like how something is put together and its position in space, how something looks and how something ‘works’ (moves, functions, etc). The research project also resulted in a concrete product for the collection of the Dutch Royal Library, available to visually impaired readers in the Netherlands. These so called ‘Begrippenbanden’ (portfolio of concept) exist of tactile images and explanations in text. We will bring examples of these Begrippenbanden to explore with the attendees and hope to gain your view on conceptual knowledge. You are especially invited to share your experiences with investigating elusive needs among blind participants and please react on our list of possible domains and examples within these domains.

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    Anne Bottenheft
    Visual Specialist
    (Dedicon)

Realtime Collaboration on Graphically Structured Content for Everyone

Digital collaboration is a widely used tool today, but its use is fraught with difficulties for blind people. While research has been carried out for text-based documents, people are still excluded from content with graphical structures such as mind maps. As a result, tools such as the mind mapping tool Miro remain inaccessible to this user group. In our work, we have developed a program for digital collaboration on graphically structured content that can be used by blind and sighted people alike. In the program, users can create and edit content such as mind maps live together. Sighted people can use a conventional GUI, while an audio-tactile user interface (ATUI) for 2D tactile displays has been created for blind people. Since both the concepts of the diagram editing functions and the presentation of collaborative information cannot be transferred one-to-one from the GUIs to the ATUI, new concepts have been developed and implemented in this project. These include various earcons, spatial audio using bone conduction headphones and tactile animations. These concepts make it possible for blind users to perceive the work of their colleagues in real time and in relation to their position, without being interrupted in their own work. In addition, bimanual interaction options have been created to allow blind users to precisely create and adjust the graphical content. The resulting system allows blind and sighted users to collaborate on graphically structured content in real time, without disadvantaging either group. The full functionality of the software can be tested at TactileReading.
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    Lukas Schölch
    Research Associate
    (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT))

TMAP: Tactile Maps Automated Production

Tactile map design goes far beyond raising lines and adding braille. We will introduce core principles, relevant terminology, and best practices for tactile map design and production. These include the unique considerations of tactile media and tactile reading, such as distinctions between 2.5D and 3D design, the use of braille beyond labelled callouts, effective methods for simplification, and subjectivity around informational hierarchy. We explore how the content of tactile maps should align with audience needs, preferences, and context, building on users’ own experiences to make tactile maps more intuitive and meaningful.


Through shared examples, we will demonstrate what works well in tactile map design, and what common pitfalls to avoid. Effective tactile maps must simplify complex visuals, focusing on clarity and legibility by using tactually distinguishable lines and textures. Attendees will gain a clearer understanding of tools available for creating tactile maps and graphics, their advantages and limitations, and essential dos and don’ts for creating more accessible and effective tactile maps. By incorporating these approaches, educators, creators, and designers can play a crucial role in fostering inclusion and independence and improving the wayfinding experience for the blind community.

  • Pasfoto Eleanor Mayes
    Eleanor Mayes
    Designer, Media and Accessible Design Lab (MAD Lab)
    (LightHouse for the Blind and Visually Impaired, San Francisco)

A tactile approach to an olfactory weekdays system

Individual tactile daily timetables - While tactile timetables are valuable tools, they have a crucial issue: they tend to be individual rather than shared, which can limit opportunities for social understanding of time.

 An inclusive weekday system designed with unique multisensory identifiers helps deafblind students build a stronger understanding of weekly time progression, enabling them to independently recognize, anticipate, and structure their daily routines while developing broader temporal awareness.
• Each day has unique multisensory identifiers—incorporating tactile, olfactory, auditory, and visual.
• Multiple sensory inputs reinforce each other, and their consistent use across the whole school fosters inclusion and participation while supporting a shared social temporal understanding of weekdays.

  • Pasfoto Inez Aschenbrenner
    Inez Aschenbrenner
    teacher for deafblind students
    (Deutsches Taubblindenwerk Hannover/Bildungszentrum Hören-Sehen-Kommunikation)
  • Pasfoto Vikram Choudhary
    Vikram Choudhary
    Special Needs Teacher
    (Deutsches taubblindenwerk)

Possibility and Benefits of 3D CAD Modeling by the Visually impaired

The author, who is himself visually impaired, has been exploring methods for the visually impaired to use 3D CAD modeling. In this presentation, he will explain the 3D CAD method he has developed, with examples of actual products made using it.

There are three main advantages to being able to use 3D CAD by the visually impaired.


1. Firstly, and obviously, they can give shape to their own ideas. When giving instructions to a sighted person to create a shape, it is extremely difficult to create a complex shape exactly as they imagined it. Considering such difficulty, this obvious advantage must be emphasized.

 

2. Secondly, visually impaired people can make the tools they need themselves.
Since the unique tools that visually impaired people, who are a minority, need (such as white cane holders) are not available on the market, being able to make them yourself is important.

 

3. Thirdly, it can contribute to improving the quality of tactile teaching materials. If people with visual impairments can make 3D models, they can  directly show tactile teaching materials that are easy for them to understand, rather than indirectly explaining them verbally.

The method developed by the author uses programmable CAD software. This method can be implemented using standard computers and assistive devices currently on the market. The author will present examples of the three benefits of 3D CAD modeling by the visually impaired.
In particular, he will introduce models of the Leaning Tower of Pisa and the Taj Mahal to explain the advantage 1: these models4 have also received academic recognition.
 

  • Pasfoto Kazunori Minatani
    Kazunori Minatani
    Professor
    (National Center for University Entrance Examinations)

Development and Introduction of the 78 Types Convex-Line Tactile Maze Tasks Consisting Five Instructional Steps

Maze tasks are important for young children from the perspective that they can learn to recognize geometric shapes and form spatial images. In particular, experience playing mazes is important for children with blindness, who have difficulty in spatial recognition, as a basic readiness for reading tactile graphs and diagrams, and for tactile-motor control as a basis for braille reading. However, while visual maze tasks are commercially available, there are no systematized and graded tactile maze tasks. Therefore, we developed the convex-line tactile maze tasks from the following perspectives: (1) presence or absence of dead-end lines, (2) number of corners, (3) number of junctions, (4) location of junctions, (5) distance between junctions, and (6) distance from junctions to dead-ends, and verified the difficulty level of the tasks with four children who are blind. As a result, no reverse movement or stopping of the fingers occurred in the tasks without dead ends, but it’s occurred in the tasks with dead ends. Tasks with more corners and junctions tended to increase reverse movement or stopping of the fingers than those with fewer. There was a tendency for reverse movement or stopping to increase in tasks with a short distance between junctions. In the tasks with a shorter distance between choice points, there was a tendency for more reverse movement or stopping. On the other hand, the position of the junctions and the distance of dead ends did not affect the difficulty of the tasks. Based on these findings, we developed 78 types convex-line tactile maze tasks for children with blindness, consisting of five instructional steps. We will introduce these tasks and the system diagram of the instructional steps.

  • Pasfoto Tsuyoshi Sashima
    Tsuyoshi Sashima
    Professor
    (University of Tsukuba)
  • Pasfoto Sota Sebata
    Sota Sebata
    Graduate student
    (Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba)
  • Pasfoto Tomoko Tateshita
    Tomoko Tateshita
    Schoolteacher
    (Iwate Prefectural School for Ichinoseki-Seimei Special Needs Education)

Inclusive with Emphasis for Visually Impaired Children

Sensory-touch books: the only type of book for all children, regardless of their characteristics. The role of books in the overall development of children is well-established. This role becomes even more important for children with special needs, provided it meets their specific requirement. But do these children have access to the available resources? Why is it that visually impaired children rarely visit libraries? 5 years ago, we established the first sensory-tactile library, the result of over 30 years of diverse efforts. In addition to books, we utilize many other tools and complementary programs. However, only a limited number of our primary audience- children with visual impairments- use the library, and there are many reasons for this. We have planned two approaches to improve access to this library; our first idea is a Mobile Sensory Library. It consists of diverse packages of books on various topics which are taken to centers working with children. These packages are loaned out on a periodic basis, accompanied by storytelling, performances, poetry, and more. The second idea is reading in families and creating groups that align with common needs. Each group consists of 10 families. We provide each family with a lending package of books. In subsequent meetings, they discuss their experiences and exchange their packages. This plan helps foster connections between children and their families. Each package includes sensory and tactile books, fiction and nonfiction, poetry, Braille with color-printed text and images, books suitable for other family members, general parenting books, and books addressing the special needs of their child. Additionally, there is a guide and a notebook for their thoughts and experiences, along with various tools to aid in a better understanding of the books.

 

The Project showcased in this Seminar:

‏”A Backpack Full of Books" (Kooleh Poshti-ye Ketab)  

‏This is a family reading initiative, aiming to:  

‏- Spread the joy of tactile and Braille book experiences among family members.  

‏- Strengthen bonds, communication, and mutual understanding within families.  

‏- Showcase diverse tactile-sensory books and highlight literature’s transformative role in children’s and families’ lives.  

  • Pasfoto Zahra Farmani
    Zahra Farmani
    Author, researcher, Art institute teacher
    (Badbadak art school, division of tactile books)

Living braille

In 2022, the Braille working group of European Blind Union established European digital resource for braille. livingbraille collects the data from all over Europe and world, bringing the European braillists unique opportunity to get a rich braille experience and knowledge at one place. Everyone can become a part of livingbraille easily and contribute to this initiative with braille experience in their country. We collect information about braille learning methods, techniques, about digital braille resources, braille displays and practically everything related to braille. This website is going to be a landing page for 2025 EBu Braille 200 initiative. We would like to present this as a poster presentation, explaining the necessity to contribute to our collective European braille website. We also want to inform our colleagues about this website, which can become their inspiration and knowledge database, as more and more people come to add their braille knowledge and experience. We would like to have a possibility to install a poster of livingbraille and a stand-post for a person delegated by our group to share information about this braille resource with the participants.

  • Pasfoto Michal Tkacik
    Michal Tkacik
    Lead coordinator of the Braille Authority of Slovakia
    (the Braille Working Group of European Blind Union)

Closing

16:30 - 17:00h

Eva Slootweg is a teacher and student coach at Visio Rotterdam and actively works on inclusion projects with Royal Visio. In 2023, she was a finalist for Teacher of the Year in Special Education.

Eva Slootweg: “Social contacts and awareness of yourself and the environment you are in. That is my beautiful profession as a teacher of social skills! My closing of the day will be about Empowerment. How can you Empower yourself and how can you help someone else to Empower. With some input from students and from you, I hope you will end the day inspired and empowered.”

17:00 - 17:15h

EBU (European Blind Union)

This year we celebrate the 200th anniversary of Braille. EBU promotes braille and braille literacy as essential tools for the autonomy of blind and partially sighted individuals. What is the value of braille in peoples lives? A session speaking about the contributions and braille 200 bicentenary within EBU.

  • Pasfoto Eva Slootweg
    Eva Slootweg
    Teacher
    (Royal Dutch Visio)

Opening: Braille: celebrating the legacy, and looking to the future

During the Tactile Reading Conference, Jonathan Mosen and Prof. Dr. Markus Lang will do a keynote together. 

Where the keynote of Jonathan Mosen will focus on What are the lessons of the invention of Braille and what can it teach us about the self-determination of blind people. Jonathan will demonstrate that Braille was developed often while encountering fierce resistance from sighted people who thought hey new better about how blind people should read than blind people themselves.

Prof. Dr Markus Lang will share the main findings of this research project, including the meaning and relevance of Braille, usage patterns and reading skills. Together, we will focus on the challenges for practice:

  • What role do assistive technologies play?
  • What are the needs of dual media users?
  • What are the essential requirements for learning to read and write Braille?
  • And how can we implement them effectively?

We invite you to think about these questions and discover together how we can bring braille education and usage to the next level. 

  • Pasfoto Markus Lang
    Markus Lang
    Professor of Special Needs Education in the context of Blindness and Visual Impairment
    (Heidelberg University of Education)
  • Pasfoto Jonathan Mosen
    Jonathan Mosen
    Executive Director, Accessibility Excellence
    (National Federation of the Blind)

Inclusive Toys and Games for Individuals with Visual Impairments: from Japan, India, U.S., Germany

Toys and games are powerful tools for facilitating the development of various skills, including fine and gross motor skills, as well as cognitive, tactile, and spatial skills, from a very young age in children who are blind. Furthermore, toys and games that promote not only solitary play but also parallel or cooperative play can foster speech, language, social, and emotional development. However, not all toys are accessible to children with blindness, and accessible toys made specifically for them can be costly. This interactive workshop will showcase eight different popular toys and games that are accessible and low-cost for individuals with blindness in Japan, India, the United States, and Germany. Examples include origami from Japan, Pallankuzhi and Snakes and Ladders from India, Legos, toy cars, and Slinkys from the U.S., and Hubelino and Schleich figures from Germany. These widely used toys are also enjoyed by sighted individuals, yet they incorporate specific textures, tactile cues, or emit sounds that provide haptic and/or auditory feedback, making them accessible to those with blindness. The eight toys and games were selected based on a study involving interviews with 25 adults with blindness; 6 from Japan, 10 from India, 4 from the U.S., and 5 from Germany, all of whom had graduated from college or university (with an associate's degree or higher) and were employed or had previously worked in various professions. The study utilized 30 to 40 minute semi-structured interviews, during which participants were asked questions such as, "What was your favorite childhood toy or game, and why?". The specific results will be discussed in the workshop. Attendees will have the opportunity to interact with the toys and leave with ideas that can be easily incorporated into their daily practices in their home countries.

  • Pasfoto Tina Herzberg
    Tina Herzberg
    Professor and Coordinator of the Visual Impairment Education Program
    (University of South Carolina Upstate)
  • Pasfoto Hisae Miyauchi
    Hisae Miyauchi
    Researcher
    (University of Tsukuba, Japan)
  • Pasfoto Marie-Luise Schütt
    Marie-Luise Schütt
    Coordinator for accessible educational processes in schools and universities
    (Universität Hamburg)
  • Pasfoto Robinson Thamburaj
    Robinson Thamburaj
    Associate Professor
    (Madras Christian College, India)